Contrary to a common misconception, global studies suggest that suicide numbers do not necessarily spike during the Christmas holiday period; however, there is evidence of an increased risk of suicide on New Year's Day in most countries.
Suicide Risk Around the New Year
New Year's Day Peak: A meta-analysis of data from 26 countries, published in The BMJ, found that New Year's Day is a temporal hotspot for suicide across most regions. The suicide risk was found to be approximately 33% higher on New Year's Day compared to a regular day.
Christmas Dip: The same research indicated that suicide rates tend to be lower around Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, with a temporary protective effect possibly due to increased social support and family gatherings.
Seasonal Patterns: Overall, the data consistently shows that suicide rates tend to be lowest in December (winter in the Northern Hemisphere) and gradually rise in the late winter and spring months, particularly February through April.
Regional Variations: While the New Year's Day peak is a general trend, specific patterns can vary by country. For example, Colombia, Sweden, and Mexico showed particularly high proportions of annual suicides on New Year's Day in one study.
Day of the Week: A separate, broad pattern across many countries shows that suicide risk is highest on Mondays.
Why the New Year's Day Increase?
Researchers hypothesize several factors could contribute to the New Year's Day increase:
The start of the week/year can symbolize a "fresh start," which can be distressing for individuals who feel their life circumstances remain unchanged.
Increased alcohol consumption around the holiday may be a factor.
Social isolation can feel more pronounced during festive periods, particularly for men.
Need Help? If you or someone you know is struggling or in crisis, please reach out for help.
You can call or text a mental health professional or a crisis line.
Global Resources: A list of suicide crisis lines and websites for countries around the world can be found on the International Association for Suicide Prevention website.
United States: Call or text the national 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988.
United Kingdom: You can contact the Samaritans at 116 123.
Mondays and New Year's Day have a higher risk of suicide
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